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Environment Impact Assessment (EIA)

  • IAS NEXT, Lucknow
  • 27, Jan 2022
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Reference News:-

The details of the recently released draft environment impact assessment (EIA) report for the mega development project in the Great Nicobar Island have raised serious questions.

  • The questions are related to submission of incorrect or incomplete information, scientific inaccuracy and failure to follow appropriate procedure. 
  • A public hearing to discuss the report has been scheduled.

What is the matter related to?

  • The matter is related to the NITI Aayog-piloted Rs. 72,000-crore integrated project in Great Nicobar that includes construction of a mega port, an airport complex, a township spread over 130 sq. km of pristine forest and a solar and gas-based power plant.
  • Ecologists and researchers have been raising concerns about this project for over a year.

Environment Impact Assessment (EIA)

  • It is a process of evaluating the likely environmental impacts of a proposed project 
  • It is statutorily backed by the Environment Protection Act, 1986. 
  • Environment Impact Assessment Notification of 2006 has decentralized the environmental clearance projects by categorizing the developmental projects in two categories – Category A (national level appraisal) and Category B (state level appraisal).
    • Category A projects – They require mandatory environmental clearance and thus they do not undergo the screening process.
    • Category B Projects– They undergo screening process and they are classified into two types:
    • Category B1 projects (Mandatorily require EIA).
    • Category B2 projects (Do not require EIA).